IMD 1.18: 8/08/2017 9:47:27 XENIX DEV.SYS/UTILITIES#5 SN 00245 2.3F0 (ACS-8600) 5 OF 9   0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 'usr/lib/learn/files.a 644 3 3  files in your directory. Is there a file named "junk" present? Find out and then type "yes" or "no". #copyin #user #uncopyin d and to hit RETURN at the end of the line. Don't use any quotation marks in your answer. #copyin #user #uncopyin #match the #bae it is gone, it is really gone - there is no way to "undo" a remove command. Hence this command should be used with caution. Ist the names of your files by typing the command "ls". Try "ls" now; then type "ready". Remember that each command must go on a  113436 3142671160 10007 #match no #log #next 2.1a 10 2.2a 5 L1.2a (#print Use the "ls" command to determine if there is a file named d answerthe Leave a space between "answer" and "the". #log #next 0.1b 5 L0.1bX E#print You should also understn this directory there is one file named for a baseball player. Remove it. Then type "ready". #create kernighan #create yastrzeseparate line and each line must be ended with RETURN. #create letter Dear John: I'm terribly sorry... #create memo This is a for a state in the current directory. Find out and type "yes" or "no". (Don't use the list you got earlier - I've changed thingsand a few simple commands. When UNIX types a "$" at you, you can type a command. For example, if you type "date" the computer wimski #user test ! -r yastrzemski && test -r kernighan #log #next 11.1a 10 11.2a 5 11.3a 2 L10.2aQ +#print The wmemo. #create memo1 Another memo. #copyin #user #uncopyin grep '^ls' .copy >/dev/null #bad "ls" Don't type the quotes, please. T.) #create texas dallas, houston, etc. #copyin #user #uncopyin #match yes #log #next 2.1a 10 2.2a 5 L1.2bD ll tell you the current date and time. If you see "$" and type "who", UNIX will tell you who is logged on at present. There areay to get rid of a file you are finished with is with the "rm" (remove) command. For example, rm junk will get rid of the filry again. #log #next 0.1d 10 L0.1d\ {#print File names are essentially arbitrary, although usually one names eL0^ #next 0.1a 10 L0.1a; #print This course will help you learn about basic file hand#print You can use the "ls" command to find out how many files you have in your directory. How many files are there in the curre many other commands, too. You must type a RETURN at the end of each command line. Try the "date" command now: find out what de named "junk". In this directory there is a file named "harry" - remove it. Then type "ready". #create harry #user test ! -r hafiles sensibly: the files that make up a memo might be called "memo1", "memo2", etc. The contents of a file are also entirely uling commands. You should first understand the special characters # and @: # cancels the previous character typed; @ cancent directory now? Make another list - the list of files that you made before is no longer right because I added some files to tate it is, and after the computer has responded, type "ready". And don't forget the RETURN! #copyin #user #uncopyin grep date .crry #log #next 10.2b 5 10.3a 2 L10.2bu #print You can remove several files at once with the "rm" command. Andp to you: for example, a file named "memo" could contain Analysis of Irregular Statistics John B. Pencilpusher Bels the line being typed. If you make a typing mistake, you can use these characters to correct it before you finish the line andhe directory. When you find out how many files there are in this directory, type "answer N" where N is the number of files. #cropy >/dev/null #bad day You were supposed to type "date" (without quotes). The computer is very intolerant of spelling errors. T you can use the familiar "*" and "?" characters to abbreviate several file names. BUT BE CAREFUL - "rm" is irreversible, and ill Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ .... To get at the information in a file, you have to use the file name, which in this cas the computer won't ever know about it. For example, what will the computer really receive if you type st#he@ thf#e at it? Reate a1 file a1 #create a2 file a2 #create X1 file a1 #copyin #user #uncopyin ls | %s/../lcount >X1 tail -1 .copy >X2 #cmp X1 X2ry again. #bad "date" Don't type those quote marks. Try again. #bad time The time command does not tell you the wall-clock time.t is all too easy to type something like "rm *" and get rid of all your files. In this directory are two files named "part1" ane is "memo". Is there a difference between the name of a file and the contents of a file? Type "yes" or "no". #copyin #user #ueply "answer WORD" where WORD is the word as it will be interpreted. For example, if you think it will get 'dog', type answer  #log #next 2.1a 10 2.2a 5 L10.1aV $#print When you are done with something, you will want to know how to get  Try date next time. #log #next 0.1c 5 pL0.1c[ [#print The computer keeps track of information in "files." A fd "part2". Remove both; then type "ready". #create part1 #create part2 #user test ! -r part1 && test ! -r part2 #log #next 11.1ancopyin #match yes #log #next 1.1a 10 1.2a 5 L1.1ah #print The "ls" command will list the names of thedog If you think it will receive the word "bark", type answer bark Don't forget to leave a space between "answer" and the worrid of the file it is on. The command for that is "rm" (remove). For example rm junk throws away the file named "junk". Oncile might contain a letter to a friend, or a memo (or part of it) that you are typing, or any number of other things. You can li0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 ' 10 11.2a 5 11.3a 2 L10.3aP #print When you are done with something, you will want to get rid of the file contay, Brooklyn, NY 11238. #user #cmp old new #log #next 11.3b 2 L11.3b4 #print Now there is a file named "good" this directory are some files named chunk1, chunk2, chunk3 and chunk4. Get rid of them. Then type "ready". #create X1 # ls >X2 and you needed to know the single difference - do you see how valuable "diff" can be? As evidence that you did at least half of he easiest way is to use the "cp" command. If you type cp x y a copy of file "x" is made and named "y". This directory contaiaining it. The command for that is "rm" (remove). For example rm junk throws away the file named "junk". Try that - there'sin this directory. Make a copy named "better", then type ready. #create good This file has three lines in it. #user #cmp good #create chunk1 #create chunk2 #create chunk3 #create chunk4 #user ls >X1 #cmp X1 X2 #log #next 11.1a 10 11.2a 5 11.3a 2 L11.1athis, type "answer word" where "word" is the word added to the second file. #create new Four score and seven years ago our fathens a file named "george"; make a copy named "steve". Then type "ready". #create george this is file george #user #cmp steve geo a file named "junk" in this directory, as you can verify by doing an "ls". Try another "ls" after the "rm junk"; then type "rebetter #log #next 11.3c 2 L11.3c: #print This is a little trickier. The directions for this step are in a fil #print To create a second copy of a file, the easiest way is to use the "cp" (copy) command. If you tell the crs brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are createdrge #log #next 11.2b 5 L11.2b% #print Contrast cp old new with mv old new as commands; both cause "new" tady". #create junk #user test ! -r junk #log #next 10.3b 2 #L10.3bcP  #print Often you will use "ls" with "rm" te whose name begins with "p". Print that file; it will tell you what to do. Then type "ready". #create delaware narrowsburg poomputer cp x y a copy of file "x" is made and named "y". Note that this is similar to "mv" in that a new file named "y" appear equal. #create old Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberto appear, but "cp" does not remove "old". Both, by the way, destroy anything that happened to be around named "new". There is a o first find the name of a file, and then remove it. This directory contains one file whose name begins with "g". Find out what rt jervis delaware water gap easton trenton philadelphia #create pub Make a copy of the file "delaware" which is named "hudson".s, but the difference is that the old file is not removed. (If there was already a file named "y", though, the old contents are y and dedicated the proposition that all men are created equal. #copyin #user #uncopyin #match to #log #next 13.1a L12.2afile in this directory whose name ends in "x". Use "ls" with the "*x" construction to find its name; then copy it to file "new"it is and remove it. Then type "ready". #create george #user test ! -r george #log #next 10.3c 2 L10.3c$P M#pri #user #cmp delaware hudson #log #next 12.1a 10 12.2a 5 12.3a 2 L12.1a_ #print Another very useful command is lost; be careful.) In this directory there is a file which has a five letter name whose first four letters are "part". Print it_ *#print To compare two files, you can use the command "diff" (differences); the line diff xx yy will compare the , and type "ready". #create new old new #create pix new new #create xip nothing #user #cmp pix new #log #next 12.1a 10 12.2a 5 1nt You can remove several files at once with the "rm" command; for example, rm tom dick harry will remove the files "tom", "dithe command diff x y which compares two files. It will not print any output if the two files are the same, but if the files ar out; it will tell you to copy it and what to call the copy. Do that and then type "ready". #create X1 #create george #create pafiles xx and yy and tell you about any differences between them. If the files are the same, the command says nothing. Are the 2.3a 2 tL11.3a, #print To make a copy of a file, you can use the "cp" (copy) command. For example cp old newck", and "harry". There are two files in this directory named for birds: get rid of both. Then type "ready". #create eagle #creae different it will print out the lines that are changed in the two files, indicating the lines from the first file (x) by a leart00 this is not the right file and you shouldn't have printed it. Use part? not part* in this example. #create part3 This isfiles "tom" and "dick" the same in this directory? Find out (print them if you feel insecure) and reply "yes" or "no". #create d will make a copy of file "old", named "new". This directory contains a file named "old"; try the "cp" command to make a file nate bluejay #user test ! -r eagle && test ! -r bluejay #log #next 10.3d 2 eL10.3d_ #print You can also use "*" ding "<" and the lines from the second file (y) by a leading ">". There are two files in this directory named "old" and "new". W the file "part3". I hope you used a command like ls part? or cat part? to find it. Make a copy of this file on file "georgick This stuff is not only in file tom but also in file dick #create tom This stuff is not only in file tom but also in file dicmed "new". Print the file to check on the copy. When done, type "ready". #create old The Brooklyn Museum is at 188 Eastern Parkwand "?" with the "rm" command. BUT BE VERY CAREFUL since, for example, "rm *" will throw away ALL the files in a directory. In hy don't you first print both files, and then try using "diff" to compare them? Suppose the files were hundreds of lines long, e". #user #cmp george part3 #log #next 12.1a 10 12.2a 5 12.3a 2 L11.2a_ =#print To make a new copy of a file, t0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 'k #copyin #user #uncopyin #match yes #log #next 12.2b 5 L12.2b@ #print Now are the files "dick" and "harry" thpyin #match 3 #log #next 13.1d oL13.1d5_ #print There are several files in this directory whose names begin wits between the files. If the files are the same, it says nothing. To test that, copy file "george" onto file "harry"; then say o it is to move the contents of "dick" into some temporary file, then move "jane" onto "dick" (which of course clobbers the old ick review of the things covered in the files course. To begin, how many files are there in the current directory? Type "answer e same? Again reply "yes" or "no". If there are differences between files, "diff" prints the lines that are different, indicatinh "easy". Remove them, then type "ready". #create X1 #create X2 # ls >X2 #create easy1 #create easyer #create easyrider #create  diff george harry to verify that the files are the same. #create george london bridge is falling down. #copyin #user #uncopyincontents of "dick", but we saved them already), then finally to move the temporary copy of "dick" to "jane". There are two filesN", where N is the number that you found. #create X1 #create X2 #copyin #user #uncopyin ls | %s/../lcount >X1 tail -1 .copy >X2 g those from the first file by "<" and those from the second file by ">". #create dick new york bridgeport new haven new london easyenough #user ls >X1 #cmp X1 X2 #log #next 13.1e L13.1e8_ #print This one is tougher than the last one. Ther #match diff george harry #match diff harry george #log #next 12.3b 2 L12.3b&_ l#print Are the files "memo1" and named "dick" and "jane" in this directory. Interchange their contents, then type "ready". #create Ref short file for dick #crea#cmp X1 X2 #log #next 13.1b 5 L13.1bUA #print There is a file in this directory whose name begins with 'z'. Do providence boston #create harry new york bridgeport new haven providence boston #copyin #user #uncopyin #match no #log #next 12.e are several files in this directory whose names begin with "hard". Remove them, then type "ready". #create X1 #create X2 # ls  "memo2" the same? If they are different, "diff" will print the lines that are not the same. Reply "yes" or "no". #create memo1 te dick short file for dick #create jane another file for jane #create Ref1 another file for jane #user cmp -s jane Ref && cmp -what it tells you to, then type "ready". #create X1 #create X2 #create zip Rename the file named "mary" to "joe". #create joe I 2c 5 aL12.2c@A M#print This directory contains two files named "old" and "new"; What word is in one file but not>X2 cp X1 "hard 1" cp X1 "hard er" #user ls >X1 #cmp X1 X2 #log #next 13.1f L13.1f:_ #print Suppose you have A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. We were away a year ago. #create memo2 A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. We s dick Ref1 #log hL2.1a݅ #print The "mv" command changes the names of files. For example, "mv bob bill" changam a file # rm -f mary ls >X1 mv joe mary #user ls >X2 #cmp X1 X2 #log #next 13.1c 5 2L13.1c`{ /#print There are the other? Find out. Reply "answer WORD" where WORD is that word. #create new Four score and seven years ago our fathers broutwo files named "dick" and "jane", and you want to interchange them, so that "dick" contains whatever was originally in "jane", were away a year ago. #copyin #user #uncopyin #match yes #log #next 12.3c 2 L12.3c)_ #print Are the files "old"es the name of file "bob" to be "bill". If there was already a file named "bill", the old version is destroyed. There is a fil two files in this directory whose names begin with the letter 'r'. On what line do they differ? Type "answer N", where N is theght forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.and "jane" contains what was in "dick". Will this sequence of commands do the job? mv dick jane mv jane dick There are two fil and "new" in this directory the same? Again, if they are not, "diff" will print out the differences marking the lines in the fie in the current directory whose name begins with the letter "g", like "grant" or "grover". Find out what the file name really i line number where they first are different. #create ref This is a very short file which contains several lines some one of whic #create old Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and des named "john" and "mary" in this directory, if you wish to experiment. When you have decided, type yes or no. #create john thirst file named by "<" and the lines in the second file by ">". Check the results of diff by printing the files. Then type "yess, and then change that file to have the name "john". Then type "ready". #create george this should become john #user test -r joh will be changed in the other version, and your job is to find out which. #create refnew This is a very short file which contaiedicated the proposition that all men are created equal. #copyin #user #uncopyin #match to #log #next 13.1a iL12.3aWs is originally file john #create mary this is originally file mary #copyin #user #uncopyin #match no #log #next 13.1g yL13.1g" or "no". #create new This file has three lines of text in it to read. and this has one more. #create old This file has three lhn #log #next 3.1a 10 3.2a 5 3.3a 2 L2.2a #print The "mv" command changes the names of files. For example, "ns several lines some one of which will be changed in the other version, and your job is to find out which. #copyin #user #unco #print A very useful command is the command diff x y which compares the two files x and y and tells you any difference=_ #print Suppose that we really do want to interchange the contents of the files "dick" and "jane". One way to dines of text in it to read. #copyin #user #uncopyin #match no #log #next 12.2c 5 eL13.1aD 2#print Let's do a qu0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 'mv thomas james" changes the name of the file "thomas" to be "james". There is a file in the current directory named "thomas". difference between "ls", which tells you the name of the files, and "cat", which tells you the contents. One file in the currenint them with one command, the contents are printed in sequence with nothing between them. How many lines are there in all the  files at once with the "ls" command. If you type, for example, ls fee fi fo fum you will be told which of the four files "fn succession, you could either type: cat dog cat mouse or just cat dog mouse If you print them with one command, the files Change that file to have the name "james". Then type "ready". (The "mv" command, by the way, is like many UNIX commands in that directory is named for a President. Print the file, then type "ready". #create roosevelt this file is named roosevelt andfiles whose names begin with "b"? Find out, then type "answer N" where N is the total number of lines. #create ben the file benee", "fi", "fo", and "fum" exist. In the current directory only one of the files "grover", "gerald", or "george" exists. Find o are listed in sequence with nothing between them. This directory contains two files named "chester" and "charley". What is tht it is silent unless there is an error.) #create thomas xx #user test -r james #log #next 2.2b 5 L2.2bĩ ]#pri contains three lines of text. #copyout #user #uncopyout cp .ocopy X2 tail -3 .ocopy >X1 #cmp X1 roosevelt #log #next 3.2b 2  has a total of three short lines. #create bernie this file has two lines. #create bruce only one line here. #copyin #user #uncout which one; then rename it "grant". Type "ready" when you are done. #create gerald file #create garbage garbage it is. #user #e longest word in either file? Type "answer WORD" where WORD is the longest word you find. #create charley most of this file isnt Now your directory contains a file with a name that starts with "a" (like "adam", "arthur", etc.). Find it and change its namL4.1a- _#print The "ls" command may be given with one or more file names. In that case, it will tell which whpyin #match 6 #log #next 4.1a 10 4.2a 5 4.3a 2 L3.2a/dev/null && grep 'ser #uncopyout tail -2 .ocopy >X1 #cmp X1 food #log #next 3.3b 2 L3.3bv ##print Of course, you can print any cat" command prints the contents of one or more files. In fact, it is named "cat" as an abbreviation for "concatenate". To prin, and "george not found" if it is missing. Is there a file named "alexander" in the current directory? Find out, then type "ye #copyin #user #uncopyin #match steve #log #next 3.2b 5 L3.2b #print The "cat" command can also print severals alan' .copy >/dev/null #log #next 4.3b 0 L4.3b g#print With the "ls" command, you can inquire about severafile with "cat". In particular, it is common to first use "ls" to find the name of a file and then "cat" to print it. Note the t the files named "dog" and "mouse" in succession, you could type either cat dog cat mouse or just cat dog mouse If you prs" or "no". #copyin #user #uncopyin #match no #log #next 4.2b 10 L4.2b #print You can inquire about severall files at once. In fact, it is named "cat" as an abbreviation for "concatenate". To print the files named "dog" and "mouse" i0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 'l specific files at once. For example, in the previous case, you could type ls arthur alan and be told about both files. Whir file names, and which matches any number of characters of any sort. Thus g* matches anything beginning with g. And *x mith "a" that are exactly two letters long, the computer will tell you their names. Try that here. First list all the file namesn its name. Similarly, how many files in this directory have "se" somewhere in their name? Type "answer N" when you figure it oin #match 1 #log #next 5.1d 0 5.1e 5 "L5.1dr_ #print Will the name ?xx match "axx"? Again, you may experimech one of the files "bruce" and "ben" exists? Type "answer NAME", where NAME is the one you find. #create bruce bruce #copyin #uatches anything ending in x. There is one file in this directory whose name ends in "memo". Find out that file name and print with "ls"; then type ls a? to get all the two letter names beginning with "a". Then type "ready". #create a1 #create a12 #creut. #create arise #create reset #create set #copyin #user #uncopyin #match 3 #log #next 6.1e yL6.1et #print Tnt before typing your answer. #create axx #copyin #user #uncopyin #match yes #log #next 5.1e 0 hL5.1e #printser #uncopyin #match bruce #log #next 4.3c 2 nL4.3c #print Your directory contains only one of the following the contents of the file. Then type "ready". #create mymemo This is the 7-line file "mymemo"; you should have typed "ls *memoate abcdef #create ax #create aa #copyin #user #uncopyin grep '^ls a?$' .copy >/dev/null #log #next 5.1b 0 5.1c 5 5.1e 10 L5.1bhere is exactly one file name which matches both ab* and a?d in the current directory. What is it? Type "answer NAME" wh Not only may the ? appear anywhere in a name, but there may be several ? characters in it. For example, g??rge will match "ge files: "richard", "robert", "ralph", "roger". Find out which one exists, and print the contents of that file on your terminal ", which would print "mymemo", and then typed the command "cat mymemo". Or just plain "cat *memo" would have worked. But whatevem_ k#print Will the name xyz be selected by the pattern x? in an "ls" command? Type "yes" or "no". If you here NAME is its name. #create abc #create abd #create add #copyin #user #uncopyin #match abd #log #next 7.1a 10 7.2a 5 7.3a 2 L6orge" and "goerge", among others. And "a??" will match "abc" or "a11" (but NOT "ax"). Look at the files in the current directory(remember the "cat" command?). Then type "ready". #create robert this is the contents of file robert which you had to print. #cor you did, you got it right and now you can type "ready". #copyout #user #uncopyout tail -7 .ocopy >X2 #cmp mymemo X2 #log #nextave trouble, there is such a file in the current directory, so you can find out by trial and error. (For example, you might do a.2a #print Since the '?' character only matches single characters in file names, it is not useful for questi and decide how many names the pattern a?b?c will select. Again, you can try this out by comparing an ordinary "ls" with "lspyin #user #uncopyin grep 'cat rob' .copy >/dev/null #log #next 5.1a 10 oL5.1a #print Most UNIX commands, l 6.1b 0 6.1c 5 6.1e 10 iL6.1b~_ #print Will the file name "abcd" be matched by "a*d"? Again, if you are not sn ordinary "ls" and then try "ls x?" and compare the results.) #create xyz #copyin #user #uncopyin #match no #log #next 5.1c 0 /ons like "how many files have names which begin with the letter g?" There is another character * which can be used in pattern a?b?c" to see what happens. When you figure out how many names are selected, type "answer N" where N is the number of file namike "ls" and "cat", let you specify any number of file names after the command. To make this as easy as possible, there are someure, you can experiment in this directory with commands like "ls" and "ls a*d". #create abcd #copyin #user #uncopyin #match yes L5.1c  #print The "?" may appear anywhere in the name. For example you can type a?bc to match the list of ns for file names and matches any number of any kind of characters. So g* selects all file names beginning with g, and *x seles. #create a0b0c #create a0bc #create a0x0c #create a1bxc #create aabbc #create azbzcz #copyin #user #uncopyin #match 3 #log #n ways to abbreviate file names. This is usually faster and more accurate than typing out the list in full. For example, when t#log #next 6.1c L6.1c2 #print There is one file in this directory whose name begins with "g". Rename it so tames axbc, aybc, a3bc and so forth. But the number of characters must always agree. How many of the following file names are mects all file names which end in x. Try ls *x How many files match? Compare with an ordinary ls if you like. Type "answer ext 6.1a 5 6.2a 2 L6.1ah k#print Since the "?" character only matches single characters, it isn't useful for she character "?" is used in a file name, it will represent any character that might be in a file name. That is, the name "a?" ihe "g" at the beginning of the name is replaced by "h". Then type ready. #create g23 g23, of course #user test -r h23 && test ! atched by "x?xx"? x1xx, y1xx, x1xxa, xxx Type "answer N" where N is the number of matching names. You can experiment in the cuN" eventually where N is the number of files whose names end in "x". #create abcx #create abcxdef #create memox #create memoy #cuch questions as "how many files have names beginning with g?" There is another character, * which can be used in patterns fos an abbreviation for the files "a1", "a2", "aa", and so forth. You can say ls a? and if there are any file names beginning w-r g23 #log #next 6.1d 0 6.1e 5 L6.1d@ ##print What does "*b*" match? Clearly, any file with a "b" anywhere irrent directory to check your answer before typing it. #create x1xx #create x1xxa #create y1xx #create xxx #copyin #user #uncopy0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 'reate memoz #create x #create x53x #copyin #user #uncopyin #match 4 #log #next 6.2b 8 6.1a 1 eL6.2b #print T#user #uncopyin #match 1 #log #next 7.3b 2 sL7.3bî :#print You can use the [] characters anywhere you want in cat #create a2cat #create a3cat #create a4cat #create acat #copyin #user #uncopyin #match ls a[123]cat #match ls a[1-3]cat #matc#uncopyin #match 3 #log #next 9.1a 10 9.2a 4 hL8.2a #print Will the command ls georg[a-f] match the name ith other operators such as * or ?. For example, ls [ab]? matches all two-letter names beginning with a or b. How would you ahere is one file in this directory whose name ends in "memo". Find out that file name and print the contents of the file. Thena file name. For example, ls a[bc]d would match abd or acd, right? What is the command that finds out how many files are namedh ls a1cat a2cat a3cat You were supposed to use a[123]cat. Imagine doing it your way with 10 files. #log #next 8.1a 10 8.2a 5 L7 george Type yes or no. Experiment first if you want. #create george #copyin #user #uncopyin #match yes #log #next 8.2b 5 9.1a 1sk for all names, of any length, ending in 1 2 or 3? You can experiment in this directory; eventually, type the "ls" command you type "ready". #create mymemo This is the 7-line file "mymemo"; you should have typed "ls *memo", which would print "mymemo", a "ax" or "bx"? Type that command, then "ready". #create ax #create bx #copyin #user #uncopyin #match ls [ab]x #log #next 7.3c 2 .2a% #print Sometimes ? is too flexible, and you only want to allow a few characters. For example, you might0 L8.2b_ Z#print The command ls [aeiou]*.c will match all but one of the following names. e.c alpha.c e decide on followed by "ready". #create a1 #create a12 #create a1a #create a2 #create a23 #create aa1 #create abc1 #copyin #usernd then typed the command "cat mymemo". Or just plain "cat *memo" would have worked. But whatever you did, you got it right and L7.3c #print You can put any number of characters between the brackets. For example, ab[123456789] could  want to abbreviate ls memo.ab memo.ac without picking up "memo.ad", "memo.ae", and so forth. You can match one of a set of padward u23.c Which one? Type "answer NAME" where NAME is the file that doesn't match. You can experiment first, as usual. #cr #uncopyin #match ls *[123] #log #next 8.1a 10 L7.3a7 #print Sometimes ? is too flexible, and you only want now you can type "ready". #copyout #user #uncopyout tail -7 .ocopy >X2 #cmp mymemo X2 #log #next 6.1b 0 6.1c 5 6.1e 10 sL7.1amatch up to 9 names, of the sort ab1, ab2, ab3, ab4, ab5, ... How many of the following names exist in this directory? p1endrticular characters by putting them in brackets "[]" in the list you use with "ls". For example, [bc] matches either b or c beate alpha.c #create e.c #create edward #create u23.c #copyin #user #uncopyin #match edward #log #next 8.2c 5 9.1a 10 L8.2cto allow a few characters. For example, you might want to abbreviate ls memo.ab memo.ac without picking up "memo.ad", "!"memo l#print Sometimes ? is too flexible, and you only want to allow a few characters. For example, you might want , p2end, p3end, p4end, p5end Check with a ordinary "ls". Type "answer N" when you know. #once #create p1end #once #create p3endut no other letters. Thus ls memo.a[bc] will list exactly "memo.ab" and "memo.ac" if present. How many of the files xya, x #print As an example more complicated than you will probably ever need, consider ?[a-c]* which matches what? .ae", and so forth. You can match one of a set of particular characters by putting them in brackets "[]" in the list you use wito abbreviate ls memo.ab memo.ac without picking up "memo.ad", memo.ae", etc. You can match one of a set of particular charactx #once #create p4end #once #create p6end #copyin #user #uncopyin #match 2 #log #next 8.1a 10 8.2a 5 nL8.1aޮ yb, xyc, xyd exist in this directory? Type "answer N" where N is the number. #create xyb #create xyc #create xye #create xyf #crWell the first character can be anything; the second must be a, b, or c; and nothing matters thereafter. So it matches aaa th "ls". For example, [bc] matches either b or c but no other letters. Thus the command ls memo.a[bc] would match "memo.ab",ers by putting them in brackets "[]" in the list you use with "ls". For example, [bc] matches either b or c but no other lett#print Sometimes you want to request one of a limited range of characters. This is possible with an expression like [a-d] whieate xy1 #copyin #user #uncopyin #match 2 #log #next 7.2b 10 mL7.2b- #print You can put any number of charactabc xa 3c25 but not a ghi and so forth. Will it match %a25 Try some experiments, then type yes or no. #create %a25 #copyin  "memo.ac", and nothing else. Try that command in this directory: type a plain "ls" first, and then "ls memo.a[bc]". How many fiers, so "ls memo.a[bc]" is the abbreviation for "ls memo.ab memo.ac". You can have as many characters as needed between [ and ].ch matches a, b, c, or d. Thus, to take some combinations ab[c-f] matches abc, abd, abe, abf Try typing "ls a[0-9]" and seeers between [..] characters, as in [abcdef] which matches any of the six letters from a to f; and you can put something like t#user #uncopyin #match yes #log #next 9.1a 10 9.2a 4 L9.1a(R S#print The patterns for selecting file names thales does "ls memo.a[bc]" match? Type "answer N" where N is the number. #create memo.ab #create memo.abc #create memo.bc #copyin  Type the "ls" command that recognizes a1cat a2cat a3cat and no other files. Then type "ready". #create a1bat #create a1 how many files it matches. Type that number in the form "answer N". #create a0 #create a1 #create a5 #create ax #copyin #user hat anywhere in a pattern for a file name. For example, ls [abcd]x matches any of ax, bx, cx, dx You can also combine this w0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 't have been discussed can be used with other commands than "ls". For example, they can be used with the "cat" command to print s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them toof three lines. #create partxxx You shouldn't have printed this one. #copyin #user #uncopyin grep 'cat part?' .copy >/dev/null #PP We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain usr/lib/learn/macros.a 644 3 3 files. It is common for a memo stored in several files to use files named "part1", "part2", etc. so that commands like cat par the separation. #print Ref #user #cmp decl Ref #log #next 2.1a 10 L10.1a7 #print What if you don't want the log #next 9.2b 5 pL9.2bD #print You can also use the "*" operator. For example, print the contents of all thunalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments  144730 3142671160 10172 t* will print everything. In this directory there are several short files named "sec0", "sec1", "sec3", and so forth. There are cover sheet? Nroff has an option to print only special pages. In particular, nroff -ms -o1- files ... will begin printing ate files in this directory whose names begin with the letter 'p'. Use just one "cat" command. Then type "ready". #create p1 Thereare instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becvarious names of animals in the files; find out the largest animal named in the files and type "answer NAME" where NAME is that  page 1, and skip page 0, the cover sheet. If you only want the cover sheet, you need the command nroff -ms -o0 files ... whic are only two such files. This is the first one and it is two lines long. #create ppx This is the second file. Its first lineomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, layinganimal. #create sec0 dog mouse cat #create sec1 rabbit weasel pig hamster #create sec2 this file doesn't happen to have any anih prints only page zero. Try printing only the cover sheet of the file "decl". Then type "ready" as usual. #once nroff -ms -o0  is blank, and then there are three lines of text of which this is the last. #copyin #user #uncopyin grep 'cat p\*' .copy >/dev/ its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safeL0A  #next 1.1a 5 L1.1a4 #print This script deals with the use of the "-ms" macro pacmal names in it. #create sec3 fox elephant sheep duck rat #create sec4 groundhog bobcat mole beaver #copyin #user #uncopyin #decl >X1 & #create decl .RP .TL Declaration of Independence .AU Thomas Jefferson .AI The Continental Congress Philadelphia, Pa. null #log #next 10.1a 10 9.2c 5 L9.2c}= d#print And as an example of the [] operators again, print all the fileety and happiness. #copyout #user #uncopyout tail -66 .ocopy >X2 #cmp X1 X2 #log #next 11.1a 10 L11.1aR7 M #printkage to produce Bell Laboratories style documents. Before trying it, you should be familiar with the editor. To test that, pleamatch elephant #log #next 10.1a 10 iL9.2a6 S#print You can use patterns for file names with commands other tha19104 .AB This paper describes advances in scattering theory of colonies from mother countries. .AE .PP When in the course of hus in this directory whose names begin with either 'a' or 'c'. That will tell you to type either 'yes' or 'no' - do what it says. The most complex format is the TM (technical memorandum) format. If you use that, instead of the IM format, you get the usual se enter the file typed below, _______exactly __as __is, into file "decl". Then type "ready". #create Ref .PP When n "ls". For example, you can use them with the "cat" command to print files. This directory has three files named parta parman events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to a #create a1 Type #create a2 y #create b n o #create cxx e #create cz23 s (on one line, please) #copyin #user #uncopyin #match ye"MEMORANDUM FOR FILE" message. In addition, you usually want to specify the TM number, case numbers, and so forth. The commandin the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them wittb partc You can use cat part? to print all of them. Try that; then type "ready". #create parta This is file parta; it has ssume among the powers of the earth the separate and equal station to which the laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle thems #log #next 10.1a 10 10.3a 2 three lines of text of which this is the last. #copyin #user #uncopyin grep 'cat p\*' .copy >/dev/ line for TM format (which should also be the first line given) should read: .TM memo-no. case-no. filing-no. so that, for eh another, and to assume among the powers of the earth the separate and equal station to which the laws of Nature and of Nature'two lines. #create partb File partb here - has only one line. #create partc And now in file partc, which has the enormous total , a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. .null #log #next 10.1a 10 9.2c 5 L9.2c}= d#print And as an example of the [] operators again, print all the file 0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 'xample, the command line .TM 75-1274-1 39199 39199-11 indicates a TM number of 75-1274-1, a charging case number of 39199, the extension are harmless but unnecessary. Also, you must add the command .CS 1 2 3 4 5 6 after the ".AE" line. The six numhe consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the peop, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are l deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of theseand a filing case number of 39199-11. Suppose the number for this memo is 75-1776-1 and the charging and filing cases are bothbers are (from left to right) the number of pages of text, number of pages of "other", the total number of pages, the number of le to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powerife, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their j ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such p 12345 Edit the file "decl" for TM format and run it off. #create Ref .TM 75-1776-1 12345 12345 .TL Declaration of Independencereferences, the number of figures and the number of tables. Try editing the usual file "decl" to indicate that Mr. Jefferson's s in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. #once nroff -ms Ref >X1 & #create decl .ust powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the rinciples and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. #copyo .AU Thomas Jefferson .AI The Continental Congress Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 .AB This paper describes advances in scattering theorroom number is MH 2A-111 and his extension is 1776. Request a cover sheet with the above meaningless numbers, just to see where IM .TL Declaration of Independence .AU Thomas Jefferson .AI The Continental Congress Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 .AB This paper descright of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and orgut #user #uncopyout tail -66 .ocopy >X2 #cmp X1 X2 #log #next 12.1a 10 eL12.1aX #print With a TM you want a coy of colonies from mother countries. .AE .PP When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolvethey go. Then run off the document again. #create Ref .TM 75-1776-1 12345 12345 .TL Declaration of Independence .AU "MH 2A-111"ribes advances in scattering theory of colonies from mother countries. .AE .PP When in the course of human events, it becomes neanizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. #once nroff -ms Ref >X1ver sheet. The cover sheet doesn't look too nice when printed on a computer terminal, but you should know how to set it up so t the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth the separate and equal 1776 Thomas Jefferson .AI The Continental Congress Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 .AB This paper describes advances in scattering theocessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers o & #create decl .TM 75-1776-1 12345 12345 .TL Declaration of Independence .AU Thomas Jefferson .AI The Continental Congress Philhat you can put it on the typesetter, which does an attractive job of imitating the official printed form. Basically you must  station to which the laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires thatry of colonies from mother countries. .AE .CS 1 2 3 4 5 6 .PP When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one pf the earth the separate and equal station to which the laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to theadelphia, Pa. 19104 .AB This paper describes advances in scattering theory of colonies from mother countries. .AE .PP When in thmake two changes to get a cover sheet with normal formatting. First, you should add to each .AU line the author's room number a they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. .PP We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men areople to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth the s opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. .PP We hold these truths te course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with anond extension. For example, .AU "MH 2C-569" "6377" M. E. Lesk indicates that Lesk's room is MH 2C-569 and his extension is 6e created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, andeparate and equal station to which the laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of manko be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that ther, and to assume among the powers of the earth the separate and equal station to which the laws of Nature and of Nature's Go377. The room number is enclosed in quotes to indicate that it is one unit, even though it contains a blank. The quotes around  the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from tind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. .PP We hold these truths to be self-evidentamong these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, 0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 'd entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the equal station to which the laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind require .ND July 4, 1776 which says "no date on each page; in the TM heading area where the date is needed, use July 4, 1776". Either  and phone for Lee Richard Henry Lee .AI as before ... as the top of the file. Rearrange "decl" this way and run it ofruths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights separation. .PP We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creators that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. .PP We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all date command should be placed just after the .TM line. (3) There may be other keywords. These are indicated by the sequence .f. Then type "ready". Make Lee's room number MH 2B-222 and his extension 1824. #create Ref .TM 75-1776-1 12345 12345 .ND July 4, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted amo with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rightsmen are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, libertOK word 1 word 2 inserted before the .AB line. All right. Change "decl" to show a date of July 4, 1776, using the ".ND" dat, 1776 .TL Declaration of Independence .AU "MH 2A-111" 1776 Thomas Jefferson .AU "MH 2B-222" 1824 Richard Henry Lee .AI The Contng men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive o, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of y, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers e command; and add as "other keywords" "Democracy" and "Tyranny". Then run off ONLY the cover sheet (remember nroff -ms -o0 filinental Congress Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 .OK tyranny democracy .AB This paper describes advances in scattering theory of colonief these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation ongovernment becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new govefrom the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the ...?). End with "ready". #create Ref .TM 75-1776-1 12345 12345 .ND July 4, 1776 .TL Declaration of Independence .AU "MH 2A-11s from mother countries. .AE .CS 1 2 3 4 5 6 .PP When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to diss such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness.rnment, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to efe people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its1" 1776 Thomas Jefferson .AI The Continental Congress Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 .OK Democracy Tyranny .AB This paper describes advolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth the separate and e #once nroff -ms -o0 Ref >X1 & #create decl .TM 75-1776-1 12345 12345 .TL Declaration of Independence .AU "MH 2A-111" 1776 Thomafect their safety and happiness. #copyout #user #uncopyout tail -132 .ocopy >X2 #cmp X1 X2 #log #next 13.1a 10 cL13.1a powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. #copyout #user #uncopyout tail -66ances in scattering theory of colonies from mother countries. .AE .CS 1 2 3 4 5 6 .PP When in the course of human events, it becqual station to which the laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires s Jefferson .AI The Continental Congress Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 .AB This paper describes advances in scattering theory of colong8 #print A couple of details about TM formats. (1) The computer has this habit of putting the real date on things. Typic .ocopy >X2 #cmp X1 X2 #log #next 14.1a 10 eL14.1a8 d #print What if there are several authors? Well, you use somes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the pthat they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. .PP We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all meies from mother countries. .AE .CS 1 2 3 4 5 6 .PP When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dially BTL authors wish to lie about the date. There is a command for this: .DA July 4, 1776 will replace the current date evereveral .AU commands. Suppose we promote Richard Henry Lee to co-author of our file "decl". Then we could have .TM memo and cowers of the earth the separate and equal station to which the laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respectn are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty,ssolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth the separate andywhere by the specified date. (2) Also about the date: most people don't like it on each page. The normal date command is thus: ase numbers .ND fake date .TL Declaration of Independence .AU room and phone for Jefferson Thomas Jefferson .AU room to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. .PP We hold these t 0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 ' and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers frng admiration through his tears. At last he threw himself upon me in a loving embrace and exclaimed in broken tones: ``Your Harn are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, a great ascent is about to be undertaken, everybody, native and foreign, laid aside his own projects and took up a good positiot use 1 2 3 4 5 6 OK? You can still look at "decl" to see the format. #create Ref .TM 75-1868-1 39199 39425-2 .TL Ascending thom the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the ris will never desert you. We will die together!'' I cheered the noble fellow with praises, and soon his fears were forgotten a and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers frn to observe the start. The expedition consisted of 198 persons, including the mules; or 205, including the cows. .PP It was fue Riffelberg .AU "MH 2C-520" 9876 Mark Twain .AI Hannibal, Mo. .OK Mountaineering .AB Why climb Everest? Because it is there, sapeople to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its pnd he was eager for the adventure. He wanted to summon the guides at once and leave at two in the morning, as he supposed the com the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the ll four o'clock in the afternoon before my cavalcade was entirely ready. At that hour it began to move. In point of numbers anid Mallory. .AE .CS 1 2 3 4 5 6 .PP I sat silent some time, then turned to Harris and said: ``My mind is made up.'' Something inowers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. #once nroff -ms Ref >X1 & #create deustom was; but I explained that nobody was looking at that hour; and that the start in the dark was not usually made from the vipeople to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its pd spectacular effect, it was the most imposing expedition that had ever marched from Zermatt. .PP I commanded the chief guide to my tone struck him; and when he glanced at my eye and read what was written there, his face paled perceptibly. He hesitated a cl .TM 75-1776-1 12345 12345 .ND July 4, 1776 .TL Declaration of Independence .AU "MH 2A-111" 1776 Thomas Jefferson .AI The Contllage but from the first night's resting-place on the mountainside. I said we would leave the village at 3 or 4 p.m. on the morowers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. #copyout #user #uncopyout tail -132  arrange the men and animals in single file, twelve feet apart, and lash them all together on a strong rope. He objected that tmoment, then said: ``Speak.'' I answered, with perfect calmness: ``I WILL ASCEND THE RIFFELBERG.'' If I had shot my poor friend inental Congress Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 .OK tyranny democracy .AB This paper describes advances in scattering theory of colonierow; meantime he could notify the guides, and also let the public know of the attempt which we proposed to make. .PP I went to b.ocopy >X2 #cmp X1 X2 #log #next 15.1a 10 L15.1ar 3#print Here's a new document. In the file "Ascent" is a suphe first two miles was a dead level, with plenty of room, and that the rope was never used except in very dangerous places. Buthe could not have fallen from his chair more suddenly. If I had been his father he could not have pleaded harder to get me to gs from mother countries. .AE .CS 1 2 3 4 5 6 .PP When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissed, but not to sleep. No man can sleep when he is about to undertake one of these Alpine exploits. I tossed feverishly all nigposed memo. It begins immediately with the text, but the paragraphs are marked with ".PP" commands. Add the initial material as I would not listen to that. My reading had taught me that many serious accidents had happened in the Alps simply from not haviive up my purpose. But I turned a deaf ear to all he said. When he perceived at last that nothing could alter my determinationolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth the separate and eht long, and was glad enough when I heard the clock strike half past eleven and knew it was time to get up for dinner. I rose,  follows and run it of as a TM: Title: Ascending the Riffelberg Author: Mark Twain Author's address: Hannibal, Mo. TM nng the people tied up soon enough; I was not going to add one to the list. The guide then obeyed my order. .PP When the process, he ceased to urge, and for a while the deep silence was broken only by his sobs. I sat in marble resolution, with my eyes fixqual station to which the laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires jaded and rusty, and went to the noon meal, where I found myself the center of interest and curiosity; for the news was already umber: 75-1868-1 Case number 39199 File number: 39425-2 Author's room number: MH 2C-520 Author's extension: 9876 Absion stood at ease, roped together, and ready to move, I never saw a finer sight. It was 3,122 feet long - over half a mile; eveed upon vacancy, for in spirit I was already wrestling with the perils of the mountains, and my friend sat gazing at me in adorithat they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. .PP We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all meabroad. It is not easy to eat calmly when you are a lion, but it is very pleasant, nevertheless. .PP As usual, at Zermatt, whentract: Why climb Everest? Because it is there, said Mallory. Other keywords: Mountaineering Cover sheet numbers: jus 0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 'ry man but Harris and me was on foot, and had on his green veil and his blue goggles, and his white rag around his hat, and his hen he is about to undertake one of these Alpine exploits. I tossed feverishly all night long, and was glad enough when I hearddecided to make the ascent in evening dress. .PP At fifteen minutes past four I gave the command to move, and my subordinates pahad taught me that many serious accidents had happened in the Alps simply from not having the people tied up soon enough; I was ar to all he said. When he perceived at last that nothing could alter my determination, he ceased to urge, and for a while the coil of rope over one shoulder and under the other, and his ice-ax in his belt, and carried his Alpenstock in his left hand, his the clock strike half past eleven and knew it was time to get up for dinner. I rose, jaded and rusty, and went to the noon meassed it along the line. The great crowd in front of the Monte Rosa hotel parted in twain, with a cheer, as the procession appronot going to add one to the list. The guide then obeyed my order. .PP When the procession stood at ease, roped together, and redeep silence was broken only by his sobs. I sat in marble resolution, with my eyes fixed upon vacancy, for in spirit I was alre umbrella (closed) in his right, and his crutches slung at his back. .PP The burdens of the pack-mules and the horns of the cowsl, where I found myself the center of interest and curiosity; for the news was already abroad. It is not easy to eat calmly wheached; and as the head of it was filing by I gave the order - unlimber - make ready - hoist - and with one impulse up went my haady to move, I never saw a finer sight. It was 3,122 feet long - over half a mile; every man but Harris and me was on foot, andady wrestling with the perils of the mountains, and my friend sat gazing at me in adoring admiration through his tears. At last were decked with the Edelweiss and the Alpine rose. .PP I and my agent were the only persons mounted. We were in the post of dn you are a lion, but it is very pleasant, nevertheless. .PP As usual, at Zermatt, when a great ascent is about to be undertakenlf-mile of umbrellas. It was a beautiful sight, and a total surprise to the spectators. Nothing like that had ever been seen i had on his green veil and his blue goggles, and his white rag around his hat, and his coil of rope over one shoulder and under  he threw himself upon me in a loving embrace and exclaimed in broken tones: ``Your Harris will never desert you. We will die tanger in the extreme rear, and tied securely to five guides apiece. Our armor-bearers carried our ice-axes, Alpenstocks, and ot, everybody, native and foreign, laid aside his own projects and took up a good position to observe the start. The expedition cn the Alps before. The applause it brought forth was deeply gratifying to me, and I rode by with my plug hat in my hand to testthe other, and his ice-ax in his belt, and carried his Alpenstock in his left hand, his umbrella (closed) in his right, and his ogether!'' I cheered the noble fellow with praises, and soon his fears were forgotten and he was eager for the adventure. He waher implements for us. We were mounted upon very small donkeys, as a measure of safety; in time of peril we could straighten ouonsisted of 198 persons, including the mules; or 205, including the cows. .PP It was full four o'clock in the afternoon before mify my appreciation of it. It was the only testimony I could offer, for I was too full to speak. #once #create Ascent .PP I satcrutches slung at his back. .PP The burdens of the pack-mules and the horns of the cows were decked with the Edelweiss and the Anted to summon the guides at once and leave at two in the morning, as he supposed the custom was; but I explained that nobody war legs and stand up, and let the donkey walk from under. Still, I cannot recommend this sort of animal - at least for excursiony cavalcade was entirely ready. At that hour it began to move. In point of numbers and spectacular effect, it was the most imp silent some time, then turned to Harris and said: ``My mind is made up.'' Something in my tone struck him; and when he glanced lpine rose. .PP I and my agent were the only persons mounted. We were in the post of danger in the extreme rear, and tied securs looking at that hour; and that the start in the dark was not usually made from the village but from the first night's resting-s of mere pleasure - because his ears interrupt the view. I and my agent possessed the regulation mountaineering costumes, but osing expedition that had ever marched from Zermatt. .PP I commanded the chief guide to arrange the men and animals in single fiat my eye and read what was written there, his face paled perceptibly. He hesitated a moment, then said: ``Speak.'' I answered,ely to five guides apiece. Our armor-bearers carried our ice-axes, Alpenstocks, and other implements for us. We were mounted uplace on the mountainside. I said we would leave the village at 3 or 4 p.m. on the morrow; meantime he could notify the guides,concluded to leave them behind. Out of respect for the great numbers of tourists of both sexes who would be assembled in front le, twelve feet apart, and lash them all together on a strong rope. He objected that the first two miles was a dead level, with with perfect calmness: ``I WILL ASCEND THE RIFFELBERG.'' If I had shot my poor friend he could not have fallen from his chair mpon very small donkeys, as a measure of safety; in time of peril we could straighten our legs and stand up, and let the donkey w and also let the public know of the attempt which we proposed to make. .PP I went to bed, but not to sleep. No man can sleep wof the hotels to see us pass, and also out of respect for the many tourists whom we expected to encounter on our expedition, we  plenty of room, and that the rope was never used except in very dangerous places. But I would not listen to that. My reading ore suddenly. If I had been his father he could not have pleaded harder to get me to give up my purpose. But I turned a deaf e 0 ( ) *!+",#-$.%/ &0 'alk from under. Still, I cannot recommend this sort of animal - at least for excursions of mere pleasure - because his ears intog #next 3.1a 10 oL3.1ab7  #print The file "decl" began with ".PP". All files sent to -ms MUST begin with a "-ly 4, 1776 .TL Declaration of Independence .AU "MH 2A-111" 1776 Thomas Jefferson .AU "MH 2B-222" 1824 James Madison .AI The Contelf-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among rm, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. #create script 1,$-264d w q #copyout #user #uncopyouerrupt the view. I and my agent possessed the regulation mountaineering costumes, but concluded to leave them behind. Out of rms" command line. You can tell these command lines, in general, because they begin with a period and have only capital letters inental Congress Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 .OK tyranny democracy .AB This paper describes advances in scattering theory of coloniethese are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, derivt e - .ocopy